Making last mile logistics models aware of customer choices, demand sustainability and data economy

The researchers investigated last-mile logistics models and how to adapt them considering diverse factors. It analyses the main challenges for last-mile sustainability in the city. As a result of a stakeholder-focused approach, the paper presents a new framework (tool) of last-mile cause-and-effect chain to identify potential sustainable logistics solutions embracing customer-centricity. The logistics model shows interdependencies between the different challenges and allows to create their ranking based on prioritisation of the issues that needs to be addressed.